Lasersntawm cov wavelength sib txawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv thiab kev siv. Yog li ntawd, lasers tau siv dav, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau kev kho mob, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, kev tsim khoom lag luam, kev sib txuas lus, tub rog thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, hauv kev kho mob, lub teeb liab lasers tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev kho mob mammograms; Hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, lasers ntawm ntau lub wavelengths tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau, cov yam ntxwv thiab kev siv ntawm lasers ntawm txawv wavelengths yog txiav txim los ntawm lawv cov kev ua hauj lwm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv cov kev siv, nws yog tsim nyog los xaiv cov tsim nyog laser raws li ib tug tshwj xeeb xav tau kev pab.
Kev faib tawm tseem ceeb ntawm lasers tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv raws li kev ua haujlwm nruab nrab, tso zis zog, ua haujlwm hom thiab mem tes dav. Txawm li cas los xij, kev faib tawm feem ntau yog los ntawm kev nce nruab nrab, suav nrog roj lasers, kua lasers (dye lasers), khoom lasers, thiab semiconductor lasers.
Cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj lasers yog roj. Cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws yog carbon dioxide laser. Qhov nruab nrab nce yog helium thiab CO2. Lub wavelength ntawm lub laser generated yog 10.6um. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau vuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog-hlau (daim ntaub, yas, ntoo, thiab lwm yam) ntawm txiav thiab lithography tshuab.
Liquid lasers kuj hu ua dye lasers. Lawv cov khoom ua haujlwm yog qee cov organic dye daws. Cov zis wavelengths feem ntau pom lub teeb los yog ze-infrared teeb. Lawv tau siv hauv kev kho mob, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb thiab lwm yam haujlwm.
Cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ntawm lub xeev laser yog lub chaw luminescent uas muaj cov hlau ions uas tuaj yeem tsim cov hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov siv lead ua lossis iav matrix. Cov khoom siv hauv xeev muaj xws li ruby lasers, Nd:YAG lasers, thiab lwm yam.
Cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm semiconductor lasers yog cov khoom siv semiconductor, xws li gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, thiab lwm yam. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov me me, lub teeb yuag, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus, tso saib pab kiag li lawm thiab lwm yam teb.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lasers thiab cov wavelengths sib xws:
| Laser English Abbreviation | Cov zis wavelength | Basic Introduction |
| Argon Fluoride Laser (Argon Fluoride Laser) | 193nm ua | Nws yog hais txog lub teeb laser emissions thaum molecules tsim los ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm inert gas thiab halogen gas zoo siab los ntawm electron beams hloov mus rau hauv av, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub ultraviolet band. |
| KrF Laser (krypton fluoride laser) | 248nm ua | |
| XeCl Laser (xenon chloride excimer laser) | 308nm ua | |
| XeF Laser (xenon fluoride excimer laser) | 351nm ua | |
| HeCd Laser (Helium-Cadmium Laser) | 325nm, 441.6nm | Nws hais txog lub laser uas nws cov khoom ua haujlwm yog roj. Sib txawv ntawm excimer lasers, roj lasers yog lasers tsim los ntawm atomic zog theem hloov. Txoj kev excitation tseem ceeb muaj xws li hluav taws xob excitation, optical excitation, pneumatic excitation, thiab lwm yam. Gas lasers feem ntau muaj cov kab teeb zoo heev thiab coherence. |
| N2 Laser (Nitrogen Laser, Nitrogen Laser) | 337.1nm, 427 nm | |
| Argon ion laser (Argon ion laser) | 488nm, 514.5nm, 351.1nm, 363.8nm | |
| HeNe Laser (helium-neon laser) | 632.8nm, 543.5nm, 594.1nm, 611.9nm, 1153nm, 1523nm | |
| Cu Laser (copper vapor laser) | 510.6nm, 578.2nm | |
| Kr + Laser (Krypton ion laser) | 647.1nm, 676.4nm | |
| Nd:YAG Laser (YAG laser plaub zaus zaus) | 266nm ua | Lawv yog tag nrho cov khoom lag luam lasers raws li neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG), uas yog laser ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Nws ob zaus, triple zaus, thiab plaub zaus yog txiav txim los ntawm 1064nm band ntawm Nd:YAG. Zaus ob zaug siv lead ua (ob zaug zaus siv lead ua LBO, peb zaug zaus siv lead ua BBO, plaub zaug zaus siv lead ua CLBO) los ntawm ntau zaus ob npaug |
| Nd: YAG Laser (YAG laser triple zaus) | 3 54,7nm | |
| Nd: YAG Laser (YAG laser ob zaus) | 532nm ua | |
| Nd: YAG Laser (YAG laser) | 946nm, 1064nm, 1319 nm | |
| ruby laser | 6 94,3nm | Qhov ntxov tshaj plaws invented laser kuj yog ib hom khoom laser. Cov khoom siv ua haujlwm yog ruby (aluminium trioxide doped nrog trivalent chromium). |
| Nd: iav Laser (neodymium iav laser) | 10 60nm | Ib lub zog-lub xeev laser siv iav doped nrog neodymium ions ua cov khoom ua haujlwm |
| Hom:YAG Laser (holmium-doped YAG laser, holmium laser) | 2 100 nm | Khoom laser siv holmium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet ua cov khoom ua haujlwm |
| Tug:YAG Laser (erbium-doped YAG laser) | 2940nm ua | Khoom laser siv erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet ua cov khoom ua haujlwm |
| Diode laser (semiconductor laser) | Ntau qhov sib txawv wavelengths | Lub semiconductor laser yog ib yam khoom siv uas siv cov khoom siv semiconductor ua cov khoom siv ua haujlwm los tsim lub teeb laser. Nws txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog ua kom tsis muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob), lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov hluav taws xob theem ntawm impurities (tus txais lossis tus neeg pub) los ntawm hluav taws xob excitation. Thaum ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv lub particle tooj inversion xeev recombine nrog lub qhov, stimulated emission tshwm sim. |
| QCL Laser (Quantum Cascade Laser) | Ntau qhov sib txawv wavelengths | Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog raws li semiconductor lasers nyob rau hauv infrared band, uas yuav ua tau DFB-QCL los yog DBR-QCL. |
| DFB Laser (Distributed Feedback Laser) | Ntau qhov sib txawv wavelengths | Ib hom laser nyob rau hauv uas lub grating yog teem nyob rau hauv ib tug semiconductor laser, thiab lub internal periodic qauv ntawm grating thiab lub laser yog matched los ua hom kev tshuaj ntsuam. |
| DBR Laser (Distributed Bragg Reflection Laser) | Ntau qhov sib txawv wavelengths | Zoo ib yam li DFB lasers, grating txoj hauj lwm txawv thiab cov grating yog sab nraum lub active cheeb tsam ntawm lub laser. |
| vcsel Laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) | Ntau qhov sib txawv wavelengths | Lub laser raws li semiconductor lamination tshuab uas emits perpendicularly rau lub nti nto. Sib txawv los ntawm yav dhau los semiconductor kawg-lub ntsej muag emission technology, lub beam zoo thiab qhov chaw yuav zoo dua. Muaj ntau yam kev sib cais wavelengths, feem ntau nyob rau hauv liab mus rau ze-infrared band. |
| SLED (Superluminescent Lub Teeb Emitting Diodes) | Ntau qhov sib txawv Wavelength Broadband Lasers | Ib tug dav-bandwidth laser ntawm ib tug semiconductor laser thiab ib tug semiconductor diode. Lub bandwidth ntawm ib lub laser tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 40nm. |
| Supercontinuum Laser | Multi-band broadband lasers | Lub dav-band tso zis laser raws li 1064 mem tes laser siv photonic siv lead ua fiber ntau. Tsis tas yuav tu ncua. Nws ib txhij outputs tag nrho-spectrum kev pab cuam los ntawm ultraviolet mus rau ze-infrared bands, feem ntau npog 400nm-2400nm. Broad-spectrum tso zis tab sis ib leeg-band hwj chim yog tsawg heev nyob rau hauv milliwatt ntau |
| dye laser (dye laser) | Ntau wavelengths, tunable | Lub wavelength yog hloov los yog tuned raws li mem tes laser siv cov tshuaj dye. Lub wavelength muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom dye thiab npog wavelengths ntawm ultraviolet mus rau infrared. Nitrogen molecule dye lasers muaj ntau, tab sis dye lasers tsis tshua siv niaj hnub no. |
| OPO (Optical Parametric Oscillator) | Ntau wavelengths, tunable | Ib qho dav-band laser raws li qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov muag pom, uas tuaj yeem npog lub ultraviolet mus rau nruab nrab-infrared band. |
| Ti: sapphire laser (titanium sapphire laser) | 650-1100nm tunable, 800nm | Raws li titanium sapphire (aluminium trioxide doped nrog trivalent TI) raws li cov khoom siv ua haujlwm, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav cov zis tas mus li, NS qib mem tes tso zis thiab sub-PS qib pulse tso zis, thiab cov zis wavelength yog tunable ntawm 650nm txog 1100nm. |
Tiv tauj xov tooj:
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug, thov hu rau peb. Txawm peb cov neeg muas zaub nyob qhov twg thiab peb cov kev xav tau yog dab tsi, peb yuav ua raws li peb lub hom phiaj los muab peb cov neeg siv khoom zoo, tus nqi qis, thiab kev pabcuam zoo tshaj plaws.
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