Cov kab mob twg yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau Ionizing Radiation?
Kev kho mob X-ray imaging muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv niaj hnub no, tseem tsis tshua muaj - rau- cov tshuaj ionizing nruab nrab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev. Tsis zoo li kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev, X- hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ua rau lub cev - cov teebmeem tshwj xeeb vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cell faib ceev, kev ua haujlwm hauv metabolic, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg rov tsim dua tshiab. Kev nkag siab txog hluav taws xob- cov kab mob rhiab heev thiab lawv cov txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj tshwj xeeb yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev kho mob, pab ob tus neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thiab cov neeg mob kom tsis txhob raug hluav taws xob tsis tsim nyog thaum lub sijhawm kho mob.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: Vim li cas lub cev sib txawv teb txawv rau X-rays
Radiation siab heev- Cov kab mob rhiab heev (feem ntau cuam tshuam rau X-ray raug)
Cov kabmob no muaj cov kabmob txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv thiab yog lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj X-ray thiab CT kuaj. Txawm tias tsawg- koob tshuaj luv luv- lub sij hawm tawg tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas rov qab los yog mus tas li.
1. Gonads (Testes thiab zes qe menyuam)
Gonads rank thawj nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob rhiab heev ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob ua kom muaj zog sib faib thiab rov ua dua tshiab thoob plaws lub neej, ua rau lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau X-ray-induced DNA puas. Rau cov neeg mob, raug mob pelvic X-ray raug tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv yuav ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus ib ntus, chromosomal variation, los yog muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hloov caj ces rau yav tom ntej. Rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob uas muaj sijhawm ntev - ua haujlwm raug, qhov qis qis - cov kab hluav taws xob ntau yuav ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua me nyuam tsis zoo. Qhov no yog vim li cas lead pelvic shields yog qhov yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv cov khoom siv rau kev kuaj mob plab, plab, thiab qis qis qis.
2. Cov thyroid caj pas
Cov thyroid caj pas yog ib tug siab - metabolic endocrine organ nrog cov ilv follicular hlwb uas rhiab heev rau ionizing hluav taws xob. Txawm tias tawg mus rau theem nrab X-rays tuaj yeem ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov thyroid nodules, hyperplasia, thiab qog nqaij hlav tom qab ntev - lub sij hawm los yog rov raug dua. Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob ua haujlwm hauv fluoroscopy thiab kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob tiv thaiv cov thyroid hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua, thaum cov neeg mob menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj cov ntaub so ntswg uas tsis muaj zog nrog cov hluav taws xob ntau dua li cov neeg laus. Yog li ntawd, cov thyroid lead dab tshos yog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tseem ceeb rau txhua qhov xwm txheej hluav taws xob.
3. Hematopoietic System (Bone Marrow thiab Spleen)
Cov pob txha pob txha tsim cov qe ntshav nrog kev faib tawm sai thiab muaj peev xwm rov ua dua tshiab. X- hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm hematopoietic, txo cov qe ntshav dawb, qe ntshav liab, thiab platelets hauv lub sijhawm luv, ua rau txo qis kev tiv thaiv, qaug zog, thiab los ntshav. Ntev - kev kis tau ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob hematopoietic hnyav xws li leukemia. Tus po, raws li lub hauv paus tiv thaiv kab mob thiab hematopoietic auxiliary nruab nrog cev, kuj yog ib qho yooj yim rau hluav taws xob -induced immune function poob. Tag nrho- lub cev ua rau lub cev yog tsim los tiv thaiv lub cev thiab tiv thaiv cov ntaub so ntswg hematopoietic los ntawm tawg tawg.
4. Ocular Lens
Lub qhov muag lo ntsiab muag muaj kev faib cov hlwb tsis tu ncua uas tsis muaj tus kheej - kho cov txheej txheem rau kev puas tsuaj hluav taws xob. Rov ua dua - koob tshuaj X- rays scattering exposure yuav maj mam induce lens opacity, ua hauj lwm hluav taws xob cataracts -ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau cov kab mob ua hauj lwm ntawm interventional radiologists thiab radiology nais maum. Tsis zoo li kev puas tsuaj loj, lub lens hluav taws xob raug mob yog qhov sib ntxiv thiab hloov tsis tau, ua rau cov tsom iav tsom iav yuav tsum tau- muaj PPE rau ntawm - cov neeg ua haujlwm hluav taws xob.
Cov Cwj Pwm Cuam Tshuam
Cov kabmob no muaj cov cell metabolism ruaj khov thiab muaj peev xwm kho tau zoo. Lawv muaj peev xwm zam tau qee zaus qis - koob tshuaj X- hluav taws xob raug yam tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb, tab sis rov ua dua lossis siab dua - cov kab hluav taws xob ntau yuav ua rau cov kab mob tsis zoo thiab ua haujlwm puas tsuaj, suav nrog daim tawv nqaij, ntsws, daim siab, thiab plab hnyuv. Ntev-Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv yuav ua rau mob dermatitis, pulmonary fibrosis, thiab digestive system disorders hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob.
Tsawg- Cov Cuam Tshuam Tsis Txaus Siab (Song Radiation Tolerance)
Cov laus, qis- faib cov ntaub so ntswg xws li lub paj hlwb, lub plawv, lub raum, thiab cov pob txha muaj qhov rhiab heev rau cov pa tshuaj X-ray koob tshuaj. Txhua zaus kuaj X-rays yuav tsis ua rau cov kabmob no puas. Txawm li cas los xij, kev rov raug ntau dhau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg hloov maj mam, xav tau kev sib tsoo ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob thiab cov tshuaj tswj kom tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo.
Clinical Implications for Targeted X-ray shielding
Lub cev muaj zog - cov teebmeem hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb piav qhia txog qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev tiv thaiv sib txawv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thiab cov neeg mob. Rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob, ntev - lub sij hawm cumulative exposure yuav tsum tau tag nrho - teeb ergonomic PPE-xws li txhuas aprons, thyroid dab tshos, lead iav, thiab lead hnab looj tes- los tiv thaiv siab - lub cev muaj zog los ntawm tawg tawg tawg. Rau cov neeg mob uas ib leeg raug mob, tsom rau hauv zos tiv thaiv rau gonads, thyroid, thiab ob lub qhov muag tuaj yeem zam qhov tsis tsim nyog hluav taws xob puas tsuaj yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev kuaj pom zoo.
Xaus
Tib neeg lub cev muaj qhov sib txawv rhiab heev hierarchies thiab cov lus teb tshwj xeeb rau X-ray ionizing hluav taws xob. Gonads, thyroid, cov ntaub so ntswg hematopoietic, thiab lub qhov muag lo ntsiab muag yog qhov muaj kev pheej hmoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv txhua txoj kev siv hluav taws xob. Paub txog cov khoom nruab nrog no- cov teebmeem hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb ua rau cov chaw kho mob siv cov tswv yim meej, kev tiv thaiv kev tshawb fawb, txo qis hluav taws xob puas rau cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab ua tiav cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab chaw kho mob hluav taws xob.