Daim ntawv thov kev siv tshuab laser tau dhau los ua thoob plaws ntau yam xws li kev lag luam, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, kev kho mob, thiab txawm tias cov tub rog. Raws li kev siv thev naus laus zis, ntau yam thiab lub zog ntawm cov cuab yeej laser txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv, uas tsis muaj qhov xav tau nce kev nyab xeeb dua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, lub teb chaws thiab cov koom haum thoob ntiaj teb tau tsim cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb ntawm laser thiab cov qauv kev lag luam. Peb yuav muab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov qib kev nyab xeeb thiab cov qauv no thiab sib tham txog yuav ua li cas siv cov kev tiv thaiv laser zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Laser kev nyab xeeb kev faib tawm yog ua raws li qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij laser hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij. Lub International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60825-1 tus qauv txhais cov kev faib tawm xws li chav kawm tsis muaj teeb meem 1 mus rau Chav Kawm 4 txaus ntshai heev.
Chav kawm 1 - Tsawg Hazard Lasers
Class 1 lasers yog cov uas tsis ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag los yog tawv nqaij txawm nyob rau hauv kev saib ncaj qha rau ncua sij hawm los yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Lasers ntawm chav kawm no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv xws li CD player thiab laser pointers.
Chav kawm 2 - Tsawg rau Nruab Nrab Hazard Lasers
Class 2 lasers tsis ua kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua hauj lwm tab sis tej zaum yuav ua rau mob rau daim tawv nqaij yog saib ncaj qha los yog nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. Cov lasers no feem ntau siv hauv khw muag khoom barcode scanners thiab qee cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas.
Chav Kawm 3 - Cov Teeb Meem Teeb Meem Lasers
Class 3 lasers tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag thaum saib ncaj qha lossis pom kev. Lasers nyob rau hauv pawg no feem ntau xav tau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov cim ceeb toom thiab kev siv cov kev tswj xyuas, xws li kev thaiv lossis kev tiv thaiv npog. Piv txwv suav nrog qee qhov nruab nrab-powered lasers siv rau kev ua cov khoom.
Chav kawm 4 - High Hazard Lasers
Class 4 lasers yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj sai thiab ruaj khov rau lub qhov muag thiab muaj peev xwm pib hluav taws. Kev siv cov lasers no feem ntau yuav tsum tau ntsuas kev nyab xeeb nruj, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm nyob deb, chaw tiv thaiv, thiab kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb. High-powered txiav thiab vuam lasers feem ntau poob rau hauv pawg no.
Kev lag luam Standards thiab Regulations
Ntxiv nrog rau kev faib tawm kev nyab xeeb, cov txheej txheem kev lag luam thiab cov kev cai tau tsim los ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv lasers. Cov qauv no suav nrog ntau yam, suav nrog cov khoom tsim, tsim khoom, kos npe, siv, thiab tu.
International Standards
IEC 60825-1: Qhov no yog tus qauv rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv laser, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov chav kawm kev nyab xeeb laser thiab kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb.
ISO 11553: Qhov no cuam tshuam txog cov cai thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev pabcuam kev nyab xeeb laser, suav nrog kev tswj hwm thiab saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb laser.
Teb Chaws Asmeskas Standards
ANSI Z136.1: American National Standard muab kev nyab xeeb tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom laser, zoo ib yam li IEC 60825-1.
FDA cov cai (21 CFR 1040): Kev nyab xeeb rau cov khoom siv laser siv hauv cov chaw kho mob.
European Standards
EU Cov Lus Qhia 2006/25 / EC: Cov lus qhia txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv laser nyob sab Europe xav kom txhua yam khoom siv laser ua raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb kev nyab xeeb ua ntej muab tso rau hauv khw.
Siv cov kev tiv thaiv Laser
Tom qab nkag siab txog kev faib khoom ntawm laser kev nyab xeeb thiab cov qauv kev lag luam, kev siv cov kev tiv thaiv zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb los ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nov yog qee qhov kev tiv thaiv yooj yim:
Engineering Controls: Txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv, gratings, los yog siv lub tshuab kaw laser kom txwv tsis pub muaj hluav taws xob laser.
Kev tswj xyuas: Tsim cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb laser, ua cov kev ntsuas kev pheej hmoo, thiab xyuas kom cov neeg ua haujlwm tau txais kev cob qhia tsim nyog.
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej(PPE): Xaiv cov looj tsom iav thiab khaub ncaws zoo raws li hom laser thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Kos npe thiab ceeb toom: Muab cov cim ceeb toom tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm laser kom paub txog kev phom sij.
Cov txheej txheem xwm txheej ceev: Npaj nrog cov phiaj xwm xwm txheej ceev, suav nrog cov txheej txheem kev sib tsoo thiab kev ntsuas kev pab thawj zaug.
Xaus
Laser kev nyab xeeb yog ib qho kev hloov zuj zus mus, thiab raws li kev siv tshuab thiab cov ntawv thov tshiab tshwm sim, cov kev faib kev nyab xeeb thiab cov qauv kev lag luam tau hloov kho tas li. Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum nyob twj ywm paub txog cov qauv tshiab thiab niaj hnub hloov kho lawv cov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov qauv no thiab siv cov kev tiv thaiv zoo, peb tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv tshuab laser, yog li txhawb nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev siv thoob plaws ntau yam.