Laser thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog kev tsim khoom, kev siv kho mob, thiab kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb. Nyob ntawm lawv cov zis hom, lasers tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: nruam nthwv dej (CW) lasers thiab pulsed lasers. Txhua hom muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam rau nws cov ntawv thov thiab covkev ntsuas kev nyab xeebxav tau rau nws siv.
Nruam thiab Pulsed Lasers: Zoo sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv
Nruam Wave Laserstsim cov kwj dej tsis tu ncua ntawm lub teeb laser tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Lawv feem ntau siv rau cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau muaj lub zog tas li, xws li txiav, vuam, lossis cov khoom siv kos duab. Piv txwv ntawm cov lasers tas mus li muaj xws li CO2 lasers, uas tso tawm lub teeb infrared ntawm lub wavelength ntawm kwv yees li 10.6 μm, thiab Nd:YAG lasers, uas ua haujlwm ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 1064 nm.
Pulsed Lasers, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsim laser pulses uas kav ntev heev tab sis xa lub zog siab. Cov pulses no tuaj yeem nyob ntawm microseconds mus rau femtoseconds nyob rau lub sijhawm, nyob ntawm seb cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Pulsed lasers yog siv rau cov ntawv thov uas qhov kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm lub zog tso tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb, xws li micromachining, drilling, thiab kos npe. Piv txwv suav nrog Q-hloov Nd:YAG lasers thiab Ti: sapphire lasers, uas ua haujlwm ntawm wavelengths ib ncig ntawm 1064 nm thiab 800 nm, raws li.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev nruam thiab mem tes lasers nyob hauv lawv cov yam ntxwv tso zis:
Cov yam ntxwv tso zis: Tsis tu ncua lasers muaj lub zog tas li tso zis, thaum lub lasers pulsed tsim bursts ntawm high-zog pulses.
Zog Ceev: Lub zog ntom ntom ntawm pulsed lasers yog qhov siab dua siab dua vim muaj kev xav txog lub zog tsis pub dhau lub sijhawm ntev.
Thaum tshav kub kub tiam: Cov lasers tsis tu ncua yuav ua kom muaj cua sov ntau dua hauv cov khoom ua tiav, whereas lasers pulsed tuaj yeem txo cov teebmeem thermal los ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob.
Cov kev sib txawv no cuam tshuam raukev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb rau txhua hom laser.
Common Laser Wavelengths thiab kev lag luam daim ntawv thov
Nruam Lasers
CO2 Lasers (10.6 μm): Feem ntau siv hauv kev lag luam xws li txiav thiab vuam hlau thiab cov khoom tsis yog hlau. Qhov ntev wavelength ntawm CO2 lasers ua rau lawv tsis tshua muaj teeb meem rau lub qhov muag piv rau luv luv wavelengths, tab sis tsim nyog qhov muag tiv thaiv yog tseem tsim nyog.
Nd: YAG Lasers (1064 nm): Siv hauv laser npav, txiav, thiab cov txheej txheem kho mob. Ntawm qhov wavelength no, lub teeb pom kev tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai yog tias tsis tau ceev faj kom raug.
Pulsed Lasers
Q-Switched Nd: YAG Lasers (1064 nm): Zoo tagnrho rau precision txiav, drilling, thiab kos npe. Nrog cov mem tes ntev li ntawm nanoseconds mus rau picoseconds, cov lasers tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog siab siab thiab txo qis thermal puas.
Ti: Sapphire Lasers (800nm): Feem ntau siv hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb thiab kev siv kho mob. Nrog rau cov mem tes dav mus rau femtoseconds, cov lasers no muaj peev xwm ntawm ultra-precise khoom ua thiab duab.
Piv txwv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev siv:
CO2 Laser Txiav: Ib qho CO2 laser cutter tej zaum yuav muaj lub zog tso zis ntawm 1000 W thiab ua haujlwm ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 10.6 μm. Nws tuaj yeem txiav los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txog li 1 nti tuab nrog lub kerf dav ntawm 0.005 ntiv tes.
Nd: YAG Laser Marking: Ib Nd:YAG laser marker nrog lub zog ntawm 20 W ntawm 1064 nm tuaj yeem kos cov hlau thiab yas nrog qhov siab. Lub laser beam txoj kab uas hla yog feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.002 nti.
Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser Drilling: Q-hloov Nd:YAG laser nrog lub zog pulse ntawm 10 mJ thiab pulse dav ntawm 10 ns tuaj yeem laum qhov hauv iav thiab ceramics nrog txoj kab uas hla me me li 0.002 ntiv tes.
Ti: Sapphire Laser Imaging: A Ti: sapphire laser nrog lub zog mem tes ntawm 1 nJ thiab pulse dav ntawm 100 fs tuaj yeem siv rau cov duab daws teeb meem siab hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, ua tiav qhov kev daws teeb meem mus txog 100 nm.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb
Nruam Lasers
Kev Tiv Thaiv Qhov Muag: Rau CO2 lasers, tsom iav uas thaiv cov hluav taws xob infrared yuav tsum hnav. Rau Nd:YAG lasers, tsom iav uas nqus wavelengths nyob ib ncig ntawm 1064 nm yuav tsum tau.
Qhov cua: Yuav tsum muaj qhov cua txaus kom tshem tawm cov pa tawm thaum lub sij hawm txiav thiab vuam.
Npog: Lub laser yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug enclosure kom tsis txhob raug xwm txheej.
Pulsed Lasers
Kev Tiv Thaiv Qhov Muag: Cov tsom iav tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem tswj tau lub zog siab siab yog xav tau. Rau Q-hloov Nd: YAG lasers, tsom iav yuav tsum muaj peev xwm nqus tau ob qho tib si 1064 nm thiab 532 nm (yog tias siv ntau zaus ob npaug).
Shutter System: Lub kaw lus kaw tsis siv neeg tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kev raug mob thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab kho.
Interlocks: Kev ruaj ntseg interlocks ntawm lub enclosure xyuas kom meej tias lub laser kaw yog tias lub qhov rooj qhib.
Kev cob qhia: Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia dav dav raulaser kev nyab xeeb.
Kos npe: Cov cim ceeb toom yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ib ncig ntawm lub laser.
Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej (PPE): Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv qhov muag, hnab looj tes thiab khaub ncaws tiv thaiv yuav tsim nyog nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Tsis tu ncua: Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua thiab kev saib xyuas yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias lub tshuab laser ua haujlwm zoo.
Xaus
Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov txuas mus ntxiv thiab cov lasers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Thaum ob hom lasers muab cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tseeb thiab kev ua tau zoo, lawv kuj nthuav tawm cov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb tau tsim thiab siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog, cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo thiab tswj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm. Raws li thev naus laus zis nce qib, yog li ua cov txheej txheem los ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv kev siv laser, ua kev kawm tsis tu ncua thiab kev cob qhia ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm laser.