1. Nkag siab MPE thiab nws txoj kev vam khom ntawm nthwv dej
Qhov Kev Tso Cai Ntau Tshaj Plaws (MPE) defines the highest laser radiation level to which a human can be exposed without immediate or long-term harm. For Class 4 lasers (output >500mw), MPE qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntau thoob plaws nthwv wavelengths vim muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov nqaij mos nqaij nqus tau qhov tob. Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb muaj:
Tau Lub Sijhawm Sib Tw: Cov lus luv dua pulses (nanoseconds) feem ntau pub cov mpes siab dua li cov tsis txuas ntxiv.
Yoj yoj muaj ntau: Ultraviolet (UV), pom, thiab infrared (ir) bands sib cuam tshuam sib txawv nrog tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag.
2. MPE VARIANS NYOB POJ NIAM
(a) ultraviolet (180-400 nm)
Thawj qhov kev pheej hmoo: Daim tawv nqaij hlawv, ua pob ua pob, thiab cataracts.
MPE Piv Txwv:
UV-C (180-280 NM): 3 MJ \/ CM² RAU 1-}} Qhov Thib Ob (Kev Nyab Xeeb Ntau Tshaj Plaws Vim DNA Puas Txaus ntshai).
UV-A (315-400 NM): 1 j \/ cm² rau 10-} qhov thib ob thib ob.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Siv UV-thaiv cov ntaub ntawv (piv txwv li, polycarbonate lo ntsiab muag nrog od ntau dua lossis sib npaug nrog 4) thiab tag nrho cov kev fajseeb khomob kom tiv thaiv kev tawv nqaij raug.
(b) pom lub teeb (400-700 nm)
Thawj qhov kev pheej hmoo: Retinal burns (laser lub teeb tsom rau lub retina).
MPE Piv Txwv:
532 nm (ntsuab): 2.5 MW \/ CM² rau 0. {{{}}} Raug thib ob.
650 nm (liab): 10 MW \/ CM² RAU 10-} Qhov thib ob qhov thib ob.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: High-ol gggles (od ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 5) nrog nqaimand lim los thaiv cov wavelength.
(c) infrared (700 nm-1 hli)
Ze-ir (700-1400 nm)
Thawj qhov kev pheej hmoo: Retinal thiab lens kev puas tsuaj (pom cov nqaj tsis pom, tsis muaj ntsais reflex).
MPE Piv Txwv: 100 mw \/ cm² rau 1-} Raug thib ob ntawm 1064 nm.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Siv iR-tshwj xeeb txheej (piv txwv li, lo ntsiab muag germanium) thiab nqaj nqaj.
Far-IR (>1400 nm)
Thawj qhov kev pheej hmoo: Daim tawv nqaij hlawv thiab pob kws lub cev qhuav dej.
MPE Piv Txwv: 10 w \/ cm² rau 10-} Raug thib ob ntawm 10,600 nm (co tshuab).
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Zinc Selenenide (ZNSE) Qhov rai thiab thermal-resistant barriers.
3. Cov lus qhia txog cov txheej txheem xaiv
Yoj yoj tau: Txheeb xyuas lub laser hluav taws xob lub zog (piv txwv li, 190 540 nm rau argon lasers).
Op yuav tsum tau: Xam siv OD=log10 (laser fais fab ntom mpe)}}} log10 (mpelaser hluav taws xob ntom).
Piv txwv li: rau 1 {5}} w \/ cm}} {{{{{{{{{{{{{{} {
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob: Nco ntsoov cov lenses tiv taus peak zog (piv txwv li, thiab 207 "L6" Rating rau 1 × 10⁶ W \/ M²).
(B) Engineering Pawg
Nqaj Comments: Siv tsis-reflective, nthwv dej-nqus cov ntaub ntawv (piv txwv li, anodized txhuas rau ir).
Tus ciav: Txiav txim siab kaw cov lasers yog qhov rooj \/ qhib kev ua txhaum cai.
Kev muab qhib: Yuav tsum tau UV \/ ir lasers tshem tawm ozone lossis cua sov.
(c) kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm
Kev kawm hauj lwm: Hais txog wavelength-tshwj xeeb txaus ntshai (piv txwv li, pom tsis pom cov nqaj).
Kev dai yus: Daim ntawv lo npe nrog laser tsis muaj laser (wavelength, hwj chim, mpe).
4. Cov Qauv Ua Raws
Iec {60825-1 \/ en 60825: Ua kom tiav MPE raws cov kev faib tawm thiab ntaus ntawv sau npe (piv txwv li, "chav kawm 4" thiab nthwv dej).
Ansi Z136.1: Yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cov laij thiab kev soj ntsuam kev phom sij rau kev sib xyaw-wavelength.
Siv 207: Muaj pov thawj tiv thaiv cov tsom iav rau ob qho tib si od thiab cov khoom tsis kam (piv txwv, "d" rau pulsed).
5. Cov ntaub ntawv thov ua piv txwv
Xwm txheej: Ib 200 w fiber laser (1070 nm) siv hauv cov hlau txiav.
MPE kev xam: 1 {0 {{} mw}}}}}}}} {}}}}}} ≈6.3.
Kev povhwm:
Tsom iav: od ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 7 @ 900-1100 nm, thiab 207 "r" ntaus nqi rau pulsed kev ua haujlwm.
Engineering: Cov nqaj sib txuas nrog IR-saib qhov rai.
Kev Kawm: Tshaj pom pom kev phom sij txaus ntshai thiab kaw cov txheej txheem xwm txheej kub ntxhov ceev.
6. Cov Pillfalls tsis muaj kev zam
Kev Ntsuas Cov Lim: Siv 1064 nm tsom iav rau 1550 nm lasers txo kev tiv thaiv.
Saib xyuas cov kab teeb pom kev: Chav 4 IRIVERS tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam txog cov duab ntawm cov duab, xav tau cov chav tiv thaiv-chav.
Tsis quav ntsej mulse teebmeem: Pulsed lasers (piv txwv li, femtosecond) yuav xav tau ntau dua ed txawm tias muaj zog qis dua.