Cov ntsiab lus "laser" thiab "LED" feem ntau siv sib hloov, ua rau tsis meej pem txog seb lasers yog tsim los ntawm LEDs. Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev xav tsis zoo no, peb yuav txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus, kev faib tawm, cov khoom siv, kev siv, thiab kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub lasers thiab LEDs.
Laser yog dab tsi?
Lub laser (ib lub ntsiab lus rau lub teeb Amplification los ntawm Stimulated Emission of Radiation) yog ib qho khoom siv uas tawm lub teeb ntawm ib lub wavelength nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb sib sib zog nqus. Nws ua hauj lwm los ntawm stimulating lub emission ntawm photons los ntawm ib tug txheej txheem hu ua stimulated emission, qhov twg lub xeev zoo siab atom yog induced emit ib photon nrog tib theem thiab kev taw qhia raws li ib tug tshwm sim photon.
LED yog dab tsi?
Ib qho LED (Lub Teeb Emitting Diode) yog lub teeb ci semiconductor uas emits lub teeb tsis sib xws thaum muaj hluav taws xob dhau los ntawm nws. LEDs ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electroluminescence, qhov twg electrons thiab qhov recombine nyob rau hauv cov khoom semiconductor tso tawm lub zog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub teeb.
Kev faib tawm
Lasers:
Solid-state lasers: Siv cov khoom siv lead ua, iav, lossis lwm yam khoom siv ua cov khoom nruab nrab.
Gas lasers: Ua haujlwm siv cov pa roj xws li helium-neon lossis carbon dioxide ua qhov nruab nrab.
Dye lasers: Siv cov organic dyes yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj ua qhov nruab nrab.
Semiconductor lasers: Kuj hu ua laser diodes, lawv siv cov khoom siv semiconductor xws li gallium arsenide.
LEDs:
Infrared LEDs: Tshaj tawm lub teeb infrared, feem ntau siv hauv cov chaw taws teeb tswj.
Pom pom LEDs: Emit teeb nyob rau hauv qhov pom spectrum, siv nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia, teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lwm yam.
Ultraviolet LEDs: Tshem tawm lub teeb ultraviolet, siv hauv kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab kho cov txheej txheem.
Khoom siv
Lasers:
Monochromaticity: Emit ib lub wavelength ntawm lub teeb.
Coherence: Lub teeb emissions nyob rau theem, tso cai rau cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam.
Directional: Emit nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaim beam nrog tsawg divergence.
LEDs:
Incoherent: Emit lub teeb uas tsis sib thooj, txhais tau hais tias lub teeb nthwv dej tsis nyob rau hauv theem nrog ib leeg.
Tsawg zog: Feem ntau emit tsawg zog dua lasers, tab sis qhov no txawv nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Ntau yam spectral dav: Tso lub teeb hla ntau lub wavelengths ntau dua li ib lub wavelength.
Daim ntawv thov
Lasers:
Cov txheej txheem kho mob: Kev phais, kev kho, thiab kev kuaj mob.
Kev lag luam: txiav, vuam, thiab ntsuas.
Kev sib txuas lus: Fiber optic kis tau tus mob thiab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia.
Kev Tshawb Fawb: Kev sim Physics thiab astronomy.
LEDs:
Illumination: Tsev thiab coj mus muag teeb pom kev zoo.
Signage: Sab nraum zoov thiab sab hauv tsev kos npe.
Electronics: Tso cov ntxaij vab tshaus hauv cov khoom siv xws li xov tooj ntawm tes thiab TVs.
Daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb: Phototherapy, taw qhia teeb, thiab ornamental teeb pom kev zoo.
Kev txiav txim siab
Lasers tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij yog tias tsis siv kom raug, yuav tsum tau ntsuas kev nyab xeeb xws li tsom iav thiab qhov chaw tswj hwm.
LEDs muaj lub neej ntev dua thiab muaj zog ntau dua piv rau cov teeb pom kev zoo ib txwm muaj.
Ob lub lasers thiab LEDs tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov cua sov, yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem txias kom tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm lasers thiab LEDs rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau lub teeb coherence, lub zog, thiab wavelength.
Xaus
Lasers thiab LEDs yog ntau hom teeb pom kev zoo nrog cov yam ntxwv sib txawv. Thaum ob qho tib si yog cov khoom siv semiconductor, lasers tsis yog tsim los ntawm LEDs. Lasers tsim coherent thiab monochromatic teeb los ntawm stimuled emission, whereas LEDs emit incoherent lub teeb los ntawm electroluminescence. Txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej cov khoom siv, kev siv, thiab kev txiav txim siab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv no los xaiv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm.