Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev siv tshuab laser hauv kev kho mob tau dhau los ua ntau thiab ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev phais ophthalmic. Laser thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua txoj kev kho mob tsis tseem ceeb nrog nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo. Ntawm lawv, 532nm laser plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev phais ophthalmic vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb wavelength thiab lub cev muaj zog.
I. Kev siv ntau ntawm 532nm laser hauv ophthalmic phais
1. Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob fundus
Cov kab mob Fundus yog cov kab mob tshwm sim ntau thiab nquag tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw ntawm ophthalmology, suav nrog macular edema, cystoid edema, detachment ntawm retinal neuroepithelium, detachment ntawm retinal pigment epithelium, retinal thiab optic disc neovascularization, choroidal neovascularization, retinal qhov, thiab fundus tumors. Cov kab mob no feem ntau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev pom thiab txawm ua rau dig muag. Raws li cov nyhuv photothermal laser, 532nm laser tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub qhov muag zoo, thiab tib lub sijhawm yuav nqus tau los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub qhov muag choroidal lesions, denaturing thiab coagulating cov protein ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm cov cua sov hauv zos, yog li ua tiav cov txheej txheem. lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob.
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC): CSC yog ib hom kab mob ophthalmic uas muaj kev kawm ntev thiab tsis paub txog etiology, feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov txiv neej hluas thiab nruab nrab hnub nyoog. CSC yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib sau ntawm cov kua dej txias nyob rau hauv lub posterior ncej ntawm lub retina, tsim ib lub zos retinal epithelial bulge nrog meej ciam teb. 532nm laser raug kuaj pom cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm cov kab mob choroidal retinal los ntawm fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), thiab siv nws cov txiaj ntsig photothermal rau kev kho mob, ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kho mob tseem ceeb.
2. Kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov tsis zoo
Ntxiv nrog rau cov kab mob fundus, 532nm laser kuj tuaj yeem siv los kho cov teeb meem cuam tshuam xws li myopia, astigmatism thiab presbyopia. Txawm hais tias cov kab mob no ib txwm raug kho los ntawm kev phais pob txha (xws li LASIK), 532nm laser kuj tuaj yeem muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo hauv qee qhov tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, los ntawm laser txiav corneal cov ntaub so ntswg thiab hloov lub corneal curvature, lub refractive lub xeev ntawm lub qhov muag tuaj yeem hloov kho kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho qhov muag.
3. Lwm yam kev phais kho qhov muag
Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntawv thov saum toj no, 532nm lasers kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv lwm cov kev phais ophthalmic, xws li kev kho mob glaucoma thiab auxiliary txiav hauv cataract phais. Glaucoma yog ib yam kab mob uas ua rau lub paj hlwb puas lawm vim lub siab intraocular ntau dhau. 532nm lasers tuaj yeem kaw cov hlab ntsha tshiab ntawm lub retina los ntawm photocoagulation, txo cov khoom ntawm aqueous lom zem, thiab yog li txo qis intraocular siab. Hauv kev phais mob cataract, laser thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem siv los pab txiav thiab tshem cov lo ntsiab muag pos huab, ua kom yooj yim rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej.
II.Qhov tseem ceeb thiab ntsuas kev tiv thaiv laser
Txawm hais tias laser thev naus laus zis tau pom muaj peev xwm zoo thiab qhov zoo hauv kev phais ophthalmic, nws cov kev phom sij tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Laser hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij puas tsuaj, thiab tseem ua rau qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab tawv nqaij kub hnyiab. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv 532nm lasers nyob rau hauv ophthalmic phais, laser kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis soj ntsuam thiab kev tiv thaiv zoo yuav tsum tau coj.
1. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv laser
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv laser yog "kev tiv thaiv ua ntej, kev tswj hwm". Qhov no suav nrog tag nrho cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev tsim, kev tsim khoom, kev siv pov tseg cov lasers, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tag nrho. Hauv kev phais ophthalmic, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thiab cov neeg mob kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob laser los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij.
2. Kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv laser
2.1 Kev xaiv thiab siv cov lasers
Xaiv cov lasers uas ua tau raws li cov qauv: xyuas kom meej tias cov lasers ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb thiab hauv tsev, xws li ISO, ANSI, thiab lwm yam. Cov qauv no muaj cov kev cai nruj ntawm cov zis zog, wavelength, mem tes dav thiab lwm yam tsis zoo ntawm lub laser los xyuas kom meej tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb. .
Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua thiab kev tshuaj xyuas: Tsis tu ncua tswj thiab tshuaj xyuas lub laser kom paub tseeb tias nws ua haujlwm zoo. Tshwj xeeb, xyuas seb lub laser cov khoom siv tiv thaiv (xws li cov npog tiv thaiv, cov khoom siv sib cuam tshuam, thiab lwm yam) puas zoo los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo laser.
2.2 Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ua haujlwm
Teeb tsa cov cim ceeb toom: teeb tsa cov cim ceeb toom qhov muag thiab cov cim kev phom sij hauv chaw ua haujlwm laser kom ceeb toom cov neeg ua haujlwm kom xyuam xim rau qhov phom sij ntawm hluav taws xob laser.
Khaws qhov chaw ua haujlwm kom huv: ntxuav cov khoom tawg thiab tawg thiab cov khib nyiab hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob muaj xwm txheej xws li hluav taws kub lossis tawg los ntawm hluav taws xob laser.
Xyuas kom muaj teeb pom kev zoo: Khaws qhov chaw ua haujlwm kom ci ntsa iab kom cov menyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cog lus thiab txo qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob laser rau lub retina.
2.3 Kev tiv thaiv tus neeg ua haujlwm
Tau txais kev cob qhia kev cob qhia: Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia kev tiv thaiv laser thiab nkag siab txog kev phom sij thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm lasers. Cov ntsiab lus kev cob qhia suav nrog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm lasers, kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev ntsuas kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev.
Hnav tsom iav tiv thaiv: Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum hnav cov tsom iav tiv thaiv txheej txheem thaum lub sijhawm phais laser los tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob laser los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag. Cov tsom iav tiv thaiv yuav tsum tuaj yeem thaiv kev sib kis thiab nqus ntawm cov hluav taws xob laser thiab tiv thaiv qhov muag los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb: Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua raws li kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb thaum lub sijhawm phais thiab tsis txhob saib ncaj qha rau ntawm lub teeb laser lossis lub teeb refracted. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tswj kev ua haujlwm kom tsim nyog thiab lub kaum sab xis kom txo tau qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob laser rau lub cev.
2.4 Kev tiv thaiv tus neeg mob
Kev npaj ua ntej: Ua ntej kev phais, cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob yuav tsum piav qhia txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev phais laser kom ntxaws rau cov neeg mob, thiab qhia cov neeg mob yuav koom tes nrog kev phais kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hluav taws xob laser.
III. Xaus
Daim ntawv thov ntawm 532nm laser nyob rau hauv ophthalmic phais tau qhia nws cov cim zoo thiab muaj peev xwm, thiab muab ib tug zoo txhais tau tias rau kev kho mob fundus kab mob thiab kho refractive yuam kev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv tshuab laser kuj nrog qee qhov kev pheej hmoo, yog li kev tiv thaiv laser yuav tsum muaj nuj nqis heev. Los ntawm kev xaiv cov lasers ua raws, teeb tsa cov cim ceeb toom, hnav cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, thiab tsim cov phiaj xwm xwm txheej ceev, kev puas tsuaj ntawm hluav taws xob laser rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thiab cov neeg mob tuaj yeem txo qis.